Patrones de consumo de drogas lícitas e ilícitas de los pacientes que ingresan a una sala de urgencias / Patterns of consumption of licit and illicit drugs patients entering an emergency room

ResumenIntroducción. El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar la disposición de las personas que acuden a una sala de urgencias en cuanto a modificar sus conductas de consumo de drogas lícitas e ilícitas.Método. El estudio fue de tipo descriptivo con un diseño transversal. La población la constituyeron 83 pacientes mayores de 18 años que sufrieron un accidente o lesión por violencia relacionado con el consumo de drogas y que ingresaron a la sala de urgencias de una institución pública de tercer nivel de atención en Monterrey, México. El muestreo se realizó en el año 2011.Resultados. La población de estudio estuvo integrada principalmente por hombres (fi=79, hi=95,2%), cuya ocupación era la de trabajador (fi=54, hi=71,1%), que ingresaron a la sala de urgencias por lesiones por violencia (fi=42, hi=50,6%), principalmente por consumo de alcohol (fi=71, hi=85,5%), seguido por el de marihuana (fi=7, hi=8,5%). Los participantes se encontraron mayormente en la etapa de contemplación, en un 62,2% (fi=46) y 77,8% (fi=7), respecto de drogas lícitas e ilícitas.Conclusión. Esencialmente, los entrevistados se encuentran en la etapa de contemplación tanto para el consumo de drogas licitas e ilícitas, lo cual precisa una corrección de tales conductas.

AbstractBackground. To identify the arrangement of people to change their consumption behavior of licit and illicit drugs that go to an emergency room.Method. A descriptive cross-sectional design study. The population of patients older than 18 who suffered an accident or injury by violence related to drug use and admitted to the emergency room of a public institution of tertiary care in Monterrey, Mexico, was established. 83 people participated and sampling was conducted in the year 2011.Results. The study oblation consisted mainly of men (fi=79, hi=95,2%), mostly whose occupation was that of worker (fi=54, hi=71,1%), admitted to the emergency room for injuries by violence (fi=42, hi=50,6%). Participants are mostly in the contemplation stage, 62,2% (fi=46) and 77,8% (fi=7), to legal and illegal drugs.Conclusion. Essentially the participants are in the contemplation stage for both legal and illegal consumption of drugs, indicating a correction to their behavior.

[Alcohol consumption among industrial workers in Monterrey, Mexico]. / Consumo de alcohol en trabajadores de una industria en Monterrey, México.

This study aimed to describe alcohol consumption among 129 industrial workers. Data were collected by means of the instruments called AUDIT and CECA. The highest consumption rates were for 31-year old male workers, with 9.8 years of education, 5 years of work experience and married. The average consumption per occasion was between 3 and 4 drinks for 38.5%. 32.7% of the workers consumed 6 or more glasses per month. Consumption frequency per month was 2 or 4 times, 46.5% were dependent and damage had occurred in 55% of the workers and employees. The workers mentioned alcohol consumption during social meetings with friends (63.6%). Consequences of consumption were: physical fatigue (44.2%), physical problems (29.5%), decreased work performance (29.5%) and decreased reflexes (21.7%). The higher the alcohol consumption levels, the smaller the consequences of this consumption perceived by workers. Those workers mentioning that they did not consume alcohol were in the pre-contemplation stage.